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World Journal of Orthodontics
Erscheinungsdatum:
2009
Jahr: 2009
Ausgabe: 4
Beiträge:
Editorial: Welcome aboard Dr Mike PapadopoulosSeite: 289 - 289
Maxillary Arch Width Changes During Orthodontic Treatment With Fixed Self-Ligating And Traditional Straight-Wire Appliances
Aim: To evaluate the transverse dimensions of the maxillary arch induced by fixed self-ligating and traditional straight-wire appliances during orthodontic therapy.
Patients and Methods: Forty consecutive patients (age range 14 to 30 years) with normal or low mandibular plane angle, normal overbite, and mild crowding were included. The traditional appliance was composed of Victory Series MBT brackets (3M Unitek), and the self-ligating appliance of Damon-3MX brackets (Ormco). The leveling and aligning phase with round archwires lasted 6 months and was followed by another 6 months of rectangular archwires. The archwire sequence with the MBT appliance was 0.016-inch and 0.019 X 0.025-inch Ni-Ti form II (3M Unitek), while in the Damon- 3MX, it was 0.014-inch and 0.016-inch followed by 0.016 X 0.025-inch copper nickel-titanium (Ormco). Intercanine, first and second interpremolar, and intermolar widths in the maxilla were recorded before treatment (T0) and 12 months later (T1).
Results: In both groups, a significant increase from T0 to T1 was recorded for all transverse measurements, but no significant difference was observed between groups.
Conclusion: Within 12 months of treatment, both appliances increased maxillary dentoalveolar widths.
Evaluation Of The Periodontal Status Of Palatally Impacted Maxillary Canines After Exposure Using A Modified Window Technique
Aim: To evaluate the periodontal status of surgically exposed maxillary canines after their alignment.
Patients and Methods: Twenty consecutive patients with one palatally impacted maxillary canine and one fully erupted synergist were selected. The impacted canines were surgically exposed with a modified window technique, an attachment was bonded, and the teeth were extruded and aligned. Six months after therapy, the periodontal status of both canines was evaluated by registering the following parameters: (1) keratinized gingiva level, (2) attached gingiva level, (3) sulcus probing depth, (4) length of clinical crown, (5) quality of marginal tissue, (6) bleeding on probing, and (7) height of alveolar bone. The data were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test.
Results: There was no significant difference between the periodontal status of the two canine groups concerning the keratinized gingival level, the attached gingival level, the sulcus probing depth, and the length of the clinical crown. The quality of marginal tissue and bleeding on probing were acceptable. However, the level of alveolar bone was significantly lower in the surgically exposed group.
Conclusion: The periodontal health of impacted maxillary canines that were exposed using a modified window technique and subsequently orthodontically aligned is acceptable. The only concern is a somewhat reduced alveolar bone level.
Soft Tissue Cephalometrics: An Overdue Evaluation
The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of cephalometric soft tissue linear measurements obtained from conventionally traced cephalograms with those taken directly on patients. This study was conducted on 11 orthodontic patients. Small pieces of orthodontic wire were fixed on five soft tissue landmarks in the midline of the face of each patient. Five linear measurements were taken directly on each patient’s face using an electronic Boley gauge reading to the nearest 0.05 mm. Also, a lateral cephalogram was taken of each patient with the aforementioned wires still in place. Using the same gauge, the same linear measurements were taken from the tracings of all cephalograms. The two sets of readings were statistically analyzed using the concordance correlation coefficient and Pearson correlation coefficient. The study concluded that soft tissue measurements on lateral cephalometric radiographs do not give reliable values. A single magnification factor cannot be applied for lateral cephalometric soft tissue measurements in all patients, nor within the same patient.
Seite: 301 - 304Orthodontic Treatment Needs Of Brazilian 12-Year-Old School Children
Aim: To assess the orthodontic treatment need of 12-year-old Brazilian school children using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN).
Methods: One experienced examiner evaluated the IOTN’s dental health component (DHC) and its esthetic component (EC) in 1,182 individuals from 50 randomly selected state schools of Rio de Janeiro. He also requested that these students score their own EC (self-perception).
Results: The DHC showed that 51.1% of the children had no/little need, while 26.7% had a need/high need/priority for orthodontic treatment. There was no significant difference between the two sexes (P = .156). According to the EC, esthetics were good in 59.1% of the children, borderline in 32.7%, and unattractive in 8.1%. The self-perception of the EC showed that 89.0% judged themselves as having good esthetics, with girls significantly more critical than boys (P = .035). The statistical correlation between EC (examiner) and EC (children) was low (kappa coefficient = .13).
Conclusions: About half of the scored Brazilian 12-year-old schoolchildren had no/little need for treatment. Orthodontists were more critical in their esthetic evaluation than the children themselves, with girls being more critical in self-perception than boys.
Epidemiology Of Malocclusions And Assessment Of Orthodontic Treatment Need For The Population Of Eastern Nepal
Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of malocclusions in eastern Nepal, estimate the treatment need, and compare the findings with those of other populations.
Methods: Seven hundred patients between 7 and 48 years of age were evaluated. Their orthodontic treatment need was assessed subjectively and via the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) (dental health component [DHC]). Dependency of the subjective assessment grades and those of the IOTN (DHC) on sex were checked with the chi-square test. Age and Angle class were cross-tabulated to test for relationships using analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results: The prevalence of Class I, II, and III were 67.5%, 28.8%, and 3.7%, respectively. The most common age group was 12 to 24 years. The female to male ratio was 2:1. The subjective assessment indicated that treatment was indicated in 66.9%, urgently indicated in 30.9%, and not indicated in 2.2%. The IOTN (DHC) showed that 62.0% had a severe/extreme need of treatment, 28.1% a moderate/borderline need, and 9.9% little/no need. The mean age was not related to any specific malocclusion. Also, there was no relationship among sex, IOTN, and the subjective assessment grades (except for IOTN grade 4, which was found significantly more frequently in females).
Conclusion: Class I malaoolusion is the most common, while Class III is the least prevalent in eastern Nepal. The most prevalent age group seeking treatment was that of 12 to 24 years of age, with more females than males. The majority of those visiting the orthodontic department actually needed treatment.
Long-Term Follow-Up Of Patients With A Skeletal Angle Class III Relationship Treated With Chin Caps
Aim: To evaluate the long-term result of chin-cap treatment in patients with a skeletal Angle Class III relationship due to mandibular prognathism.
Material and Methods: Records of nine patients (five girls and four boys) with a mean age of 10.8 ± 1.6 years at the start of treatment were retrieved from the archives. The records comprised lateral cephalograms, intra- and extraoral photographs, and dental casts. The subjects were recalled at 6.1 ± 1.5 years after the completion of active orthodontic treatment. Cephalometric measurements from the treatment’s beginning (T1), end (T2), and follow-up (T3) were calculated by using PorDios software. Subjects with a positive overjet at T3 were grouped as stable, and those with a negative overjet were grouped as relapse. Differences between the two groups were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Duncan test.
Results: Five individuals maintained a positive overjet at T3, while four relapsed as indicated by a negative overjet. SNA increased in the stable group between T2 and T3 but not in the relapse group.
Conclusion: About half of the young individuals with a mandibular prognathism treated with a chin cap relapsed over time. The relapse seemed to originate from skeletal rather than dentoalveolar changes.
Strategies To Finish Orthodontic Treatment With A Class III Molar Relationship: Three Patient Reports
The purpose of this article is to review treatment concepts for patients with congenitally missing teeth in the mandible, for patients in whom teeth in only the mandibular arch were extracted, or for patients with Class III camouflage treatment. The therapy result in these situations is a Class III molar relationship. With this type of intercuspation, esthetic and functional aspects must be observed.
Seite: 323 - 333Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion Combined With Maxillary Protraction In An Adult: A Patient Report
The aim of this article is to discuss an alternative treatment for adult patients who have a dental or skeletal Class III relationship. A 20-year-old woman presented with a dental and skeletal Class III relationship and a transverse maxillary deficiency. Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion was followed by maxillary protraction with a face mask and orthodontic treatment with standard edgewise technique. At the end of treatment, a Class I molar and canine relationship was attained with an adequate transverse intercuspation and improvement of the patient’s facial profile.
Seite: 334 - 344Orthodontic Management Of A Patient With Impacted And Transposed Mandibular Canines
This patient report describes the treatment of a 10-year-old female with complete transposition of her impacted mandibular canines and lateral incisors. The patient had a Class I occlusion, and her mandibular lateral incisors were in crossbite with the maxillary central incisors. The treatment objectives were to create space for the impacted canines and align them with the incisors, one of which was extracted. After treatment, the appearance of the patient’s teeth was improved, the occlusion was preserved, and overjet and overbite were corrected.
Seite: 345 - 349Treatment Of A Periodontally Compromised Patient With Mini-Implant Anchorage
Background: Advanced periodontal disease and its sequelae are characterized by severe attachment loss, tooth mobility, and migration. This pathology often leads to compromised function and esthetics. A multidisciplinary approach combining orthodontic, periodontic, and restorative treatment is necessary to provide complete rehabilitation both in terms of function and esthetics with a satisfactory long-term prognosis.
Methods: A simple and effective treatment of an adult patient with periodontally migrated teeth using mini-implants in the maxilla and mandible is described. Mini-implant placement was aided by a 3D surgical guide, which made the procedure exceedingly safe.
Results: Gradual intrusion of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth was achieved with a relatively simple orthodontic force system. A significant profile improvement was observed during the 18 months of treatment due to the retraction and intrusion of the incisors in both arches. This intrusion was accomplished without any sign of apical root resorption. The mandibular incisors were uprighted 6.5 degrees, and their maxillary counterparts were uprighted 13.4 degrees. The 2-year follow-up examination revealed a stable result with an increase in periodontal attachment as well as esthetics and function.
Conclusion: A combined orthodontic, periodontic, and restorative treatment approach with adequate patient motivation can lead to improved masticatory function, esthetics, and periodontal conditions.
The Importance Of The Facial Profile In Orthodontic Diagnosis And Treatment Planning: A Patient Report
Orthodontic treatment to improve not only tooth alignment but also facial esthetics is a given in modern society. This paper illustrates this assumption with a report of a patient with a Class I, maxillary retrusion, concave profile, and retrusion of the upper and lower lips. Maxillary expansion was followed by face mask therapy and orthodontic treatment, which significantly improved the soft tissue profile by projecting the upper lip.
Seite: 361 - 370Ankylosing Spondylitis Associated With Craniomandibular DisorderA Combined Orthodontic And Prosthodontic Therapeutic Approach
Ankylosing spondylitis is a disease that causes inflammatory changes of the involved joints. Although the initial clinical signs are pain and discomfort, synovial changes progressively involve all the axial joints, including the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Eventually, bony alterations develop (condylar erosions, flattening, sclerosis) that affect the position of the condyle, the superior joint space, and the range of movements. These symptoms correlate with the severity of the disease. Besides physiotherapy and surgery, no dental rehabilitation has been reported for these patients. This report of a female patient with ankylosing spondylitis and a TMJ disorder emphasizes dental rehabilitation. The aim of the splint, orthodontic, and prosthodontic treatment was to relieve the subjective symptoms through establishing a stable optimum occlusion. Anamnestic, laboratory, and clinical findings including pre- and postradiographic examination records are presented.
Seite: 371 - 377Treatment Of A Mutilated Dentition With The Mandibular Protraction Appliance: A Patient Report
A 35-year-old female presented missing her maxillary right first premolar, left central and lateral incisors, and left second premolar and mandibular left first molar. The referring dentist had requested that only the maxillary left first molar be intruded to facilitate the prosthodontic replacement of the missing mandibular left first molar. After clinical examination and consultation with her dentist, it was decided to protract the mandibular left second and third molars, intrude the maxillary left first molar, replace the missing incisors with a temporary partial denture, and restore the missing maxillary right first premolar with an implant.
Seite: 378 - 382Dental Maturation In Patients With Unilateral Posterior Crossbite
Aim: To investigate whether there is a difference in dental maturation between patients with a skeletal unilateral crossbite and a control sample (individuals with an Angle Class I and no crossbite) and to compare the dental maturation on the right and left posterior segments in both samples.
Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 101 Turkish individuals (53 boys and 48 girls, 8 to 13 years of age, mean age 10.90 ± 1.62 years). These subjects were divided into two groups: unilateral posterior crossbite (23 boys and 28 girls, mean age 10.87 ± 2.01 years) and control (25 boys and 25 girls, mean age 10.93 ± 1.14 years). Each subject’s dental age (according to Demirjian’s dental maturity score) was determined with an orthopantomogram. A difference of 6 months at a significance level of P < .05 was considered clinically significant, so the power of the statistical test was 85%.
Results: No sexual dimorphism was detected for the chronological or dental age in either group. In both groups, the dental ages determined from Demirjian and Goldstein’s tables were more advanced than the chronological ages. Dental age did not differ significantly between sides. Subjects with a posterior crossbite had a tendency for a delayed dental maturation compared to the control individuals. A difference of about 1 month was observed between the right and left sides in the crossbite and control groups.
Conclusion: The difference in dental age between the crossbite and control groups was big enough to be clinically relevant. No significant side differences in either group were detected.
World News
Seite: 390 - 396
